WordPress with Varnish in Docker Ubuntu/Debian
Set up WordPress with Varnish, Apache and MariaDB in Docker on your own server or VPS: add the Docker repository, start the ready-made …
iptables REJECT vs DROP
REJECT and DROP both discard the packet. The difference: DROP stays silent and costs the client a two-minute timeout, while REJECT answers …
MariaDB mySQL backup and restore in Docker
Back up and restore databases from a MariaDB or MySQL container: the one-liners for mysqldump and mariadb-dump, the import via docker exec …
git - delete a folder from the repository after adding it to .gitignore
A folder is still in the git repo although .gitignore lists it? git rm -r —cached takes it out of the index without deleting it locally, …
How to Show Used Ports in Linux (ss, netstat, lsof)
Show used (open) ports in Linux with ss, netstat and lsof. Quick commands to list listening ports, find which process uses a port and …
How to use Sudo on Debian
Install sudo on Debian, add an account to the sudo group and edit the sudoers file safely with visudo. Including the reason group …
iptables restore: Restore Rules from File after Reboot
iptables restore: reload your firewall rules from a file with iptables-restore and make them survive a reboot on Debian 13 and current …
How to Install pip for Python (Step by Step)
Check whether pip is already installed, add it with ensurepip, apt or get-pip.py, and understand why pip install stops with …
Glances: install and use system monitoring on Debian servers
Glances puts processor, memory, disks, network and processes of a Linux system into a single terminal view. This article covers installing …
Find out the kernel version of Debian
Debian 13 “Trixie” ships the 6.12 kernel series, Debian 12 the 6.1 series. Which kernel actually runs on your system is one line of uname …
Create an SSH key
An SSH key replaces the password when logging into a server: the private key stays on your machine, the public one goes into …
Shell aliases in Bash and Zsh: setup, startup files, limits
An alias replaces the first word of a command line before the shell runs it. This article shows how to create aliases in Bash and Zsh, how …